Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is associated with impaired nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability; nitrate administration might act as a potential therapeutic agent in diabetes through nitrate/nitrite/NO pathway. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of sodium nitrate on glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), and islet insulin content in obese type 2 diabetic male rats.Methods: Male Wista...

Objective: To determine risk factor pattern of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its association with serum nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) in children and adolescents.Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 409 male and 442 female children and adolescents aged 4 to 19 years. The ethical committee of our institute approved the study. The MetS was defined according to modified ATPIII criteria and factor analysis was used...

Introduction: Thyroid hormones have major effects on regulation of metabolism and function of most cells. A number of prevalent diseases during adulthood have been attributed to the intrauterine status during fetal life. In this study, the effect of fetal hypothyroidism on the carbohydrate metabolism during adulthood investigated.Subject and methods: After mating, the pregnant rats were divided in two, the fetal hypothyroidism (FH) and the control (C) gr...

Introduction: The islets of pancreas contain relatively high levels of Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA). This study was designed to determine the role of the GABA and GABAB receptor on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion of isolated islets in rats.Materials and methods: The Collagenase digestion technique was used to isolate the islets from male Wistar rats and insulin secretion was assessed in islets exposed to glucose (8.3, 16.7 mM) in prese...

Background and aims: To compare and contrast the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and dysglycemia, independent of each other, we evaluated the 6.7-year incidence risk of CVD and coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods and results: In an Iranian population, 4018 subjects ≥40 years with no history of CVD at baseline, were followed up for new CHD and CVD events. Incidence rates and hazard ratio (HR) were est...

Background: Magnesium is the fourth most abundant action in the body and plays an important role in metabolic processes. Association between magnesium deficiency and clinical condition including hypertension, diabetes, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis. Although magnesium deficiency is associated with a variety of medical conditions, the prevalence of hypo- and hypermagnesemia have not been reported in general population.Methods: Th...

Introduction: Considering the protective effects nitrate has against diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, we aimed to determine effects of dietary nitrate on metabolic status and myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury in type 2 diabetic rats.Methods: Rats were divided into four groups (n=7): control, control+nitrate, diabetes, and diabetes+nitrate. Diabetes was induced by nicotinamide+streptozotocin, and nitrate added to drinking wate...

Objective: To determine the association between markers of hepatic injury and serum, urinary, and intra-erythrocyte magnesium concentrations and dietary magnesium intake in obese children.Methods: In a case–control cross-sectional study, we studied 42 obese children and adolescents and 42 sex- and puberty-matched lean controls. Serum, urinary, and intra-erythrocyte magnesium levels, indexes of insulin sensitivity, and liver enzymes were measured. Di...

Introduction: Any abnormalities during pregnancy can affect the growth and development of the fetus and may have a long lasting effect presented during adulthood (intrauterine programming). In this study, the effect of maternal hypothyroidism on insulin secretion from the isolated islets of offspring has been investigated in male rats.Materials and methods: In Test group maternal hypothyroidism was induced using 0.02% propylthiouracyl in drinking water t...